KEY TAKEAWAYS
- The study aimed to evaluate the prognostic significance of CSF early IL-10 levels (e-IL-10) following two months of induction chemotherapy.
- The results showed that patients who experience persistent detectable e-IL-10 after initial response are at high risk of early relapse, requiring closer monitoring.
Primary central nervous system lymphomas (PCNSLs) often respond well to initial induction chemotherapy. However, despite these high response rates, patients with PCNSLs remain at significant risk of early and unpredictable relapse.
Dora Herzi and the team aimed to determine whether the level of interleukin-10 (IL-10) in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) measured after two months of induction chemotherapy could predict patient outcomes.
Researchers retrospectively analyzed data from the LOC (Lymphomes Oculo-Cérébraux) network database. They identified patients with PCNSL who achieved complete or partial response after two months of induction chemotherapy with a high-dose methotrexate-based regimen. Inclusion criteria included having data on e-IL-10 levels measured in the CSF.
The results revealed that 30 patients met the selection criteria for this study (median age: 62 years). All 30 patients had brain involvement [30/30], while CSF involvement was present in 10 patients [10/30]. The median baseline CSF IL-10 level was 27.5 pg/mL. Interleukin-10 (IL-10) in the CSF was undetectable in 22 patients and detectable in 8 patients at the end of two months of induction chemotherapy.
Following induction treatment, progressive disease developed in 7 of the 8 patients with detectable e-IL-10 and 4 of the 22 patients with undetectable e-IL-10 (p = 0.001, OR: 26.8, 95% CI 2-1,478). The median progression-free survival (PFS) times were significantly shorter in the detectable e-IL-10 group (5.8 months, 95% CI 2.8-8.8) compared to the undetectable e-IL-10 group (28.7 months, 95% CI 13.4-43.9) (P< 0.001).
The study concluded that persistent detectable e-IL-10 after 2 months of induction chemotherapy, despite an initial objective response, is associated with a high risk of early relapse in patients with PCNSL. These findings suggest that closer follow-up may be warranted for patients with detectable e-IL-10 levels.
No funding information was available.
Source: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38830184/
Herzi D, Le Garff-Tavernier M, Sourdeau E, et al. (2024). “Prognostic Value of CSF IL-10 at Early Assessment of Induction Chemotherapy in Primary CNS Lymphomas: A LOC Network Study.” Neurology. 2024 Jun 25;102(12):e209527. doi: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000209527. Epub 2024 Jun 3. PMID: 38830184.
