KEY TAKEAWAYS
- The study aimed to investigate the clinicopathological characteristics and OS of patients with advanced GEP-NET treated with TEMCAP at INEN.
- Researchers noted TEMPCAP’s promising efficacy as a 1L treatment for advanced GEP-NET; further investigation is ongoing.
Advanced gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP-NETs) constitute a subset of rare neoplasms. Limited accessibility to first-line (1L) treatments in their institution underscores the necessity for exploring alternative therapeutic approaches.
In this retrospective study, Wagner E. Cruz diaz and the team aimed to describe the clinicopathological characteristics and overall survival (OS) in patients diagnosed with advanced GEP-NET treated with TEMCAP at the National Institute of Neoplastic Diseases (INEN).
They performed an inclusive analysis through a retrospective review spanning 2011 to 2021. OS estimates were generated using the Kaplan-Meier method, with differences assessed via the log-rank test. A Cox regression model was employed to evaluate significant covariates impacting OS.
About 53.3% of the patients were female with a median age of 52 years (range 24-77). The most common symptoms at diagnosis included abdominal pain in 31 patients (81.6%), rectal bleeding in 12 patients (31.6%), and weight loss in 9 patients (23.7%). Clinical staging indicated stage IV disease in 31 patients (81.6%) and stage III in 6 patients (15.8%). Primary tumor sites included rectum (31.6%), pancreas (28.9%), ileum (7.9%), mesentery (5.3%), small intestine (5.3%), appendix (2.6%), and stomach (2.6%), with 6 cases (15.8%) showing liver metastasis of unknown primary origin.
The average tumor size was 4.25 cm (range 2.725-6.25 cm). Tumor grading revealed G1 in 5 patients (13.2%) and G2 in 33 patients (86.8%), with Ki67 levels <3% in 5 patients (13.2%) and 3%-20% in 33 patients (86.8%). TEMCAP was administered as 1L treatment to 35 patients (92.1%), with a median of 9 courses (range 6-22.8).
According to RECIST 1.1 criteria, treatment response was categorized as complete response (n=1), partial response (n=2), stable disease (n=16), progressive disease (n=15), and not evaluated (n=4). OS rates at 12, 36, and 60 months for the entire cohort were 79.6%, 65.8%, and 42%, respectively. Patients with metastasis to ≥2 organs showed lower OS rates compared to those with metastasis to a single organ (53% vs 88.5%, 39% vs 74.5%, and 26.5% vs 46.1% at 12, 36, and 60 months, respectively; P=0.021).
The study concluded that TEMPCAP demonstrates potential as a 1L treatment for advanced GEP-NET, showing a notable 42% overall survival rate at 60 months. Further prospective studies are essential to elucidate the disease’s behavior and ascertain TEMPCAP’s definitive therapeutic value.
The study received no funds.
Source: https://cslide.ctimeetingtech.com/esmogi24hybrid/attendee/confcal/show/session/3
Diaz W.E.C., Amaro V.R.P., Flores R, et al. (2024). “TEMCAP regimen as first-line therapy in patients with advanced gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP-NETs) at a Latin American reference center: A ten-year follow-up study.” Presented at ESMO-GI 2024, (Abstract 221P).
